Independent Research Paper Citation

  • Aihara et al (2014). Cranial molding helmet therapy and establishment of practical criteria for management in Asian infant positional head deformity. Child’s Nervous System.
  • Bonnar et al (2013). Helmet modification for soft-band bone-anchored hearing aid use during cranial orthosis. The Laryngoscope.

  • Bykowski et al (2017). Asymmetric multisutural craniosynostosis: an algorithm of early intervention to prevent evolving deformity. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.

  • Cartwright et al (2003). Endoscopic strip craniectomy: a minimally invasive treatment for early correction of craniosynostosis. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing.

  • Cevik et al (2020). The role of age on helmet therapy in deformational plagiocephaly and asymmetric brachycephaly. Child’s Nervous System.

  • Chou et al (2017). Three-dimensional changes in head shape after extended sagittal strip craniectomy with wedge ostectomies and helmet therapy. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

  • Domeshek et al (2019). Postoperative changes in orbital dysmorphology in patients with unicoronal synostosis. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.

  • Dvoracek et al (2015). Comparison of traditional versus normative cephalic index in patients with sagittal synostosis: measure of scaphocephaly and postoperative outcome. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

  • Eberle et al (2015). Efficacy of conservative and cranial orthotic therapy in over 4000 patients treated for positional plagiocephaly over a 5-year period. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

  • Faucett et al (2018). Cranial orthosis after cochlear implantation in an infant: Helmet modifications. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology.

  • Geil & Smith (2008). Accuracy and reliability of a system for the digital capture of infant head shapes in the treatment of cranial deformities. Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics.

  • Gociman et al (2012). Minimally invasive strip craniectomy for sagittal synostosis. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.

  • Governale (2015). Craniosynostosis. Pediatric Neurology.

  • Graham et al (2019). Effects of initial age and severity on cranial remolding orthotic treatment for infants with deformational plagiocephaly. Journal of Clinical Medicine.

  • Graham et al (2020). Significant factors in cranial remolding orthotic treatment of asymmetrical brachycephaly. Journal of Clinical Medicine.

  • Graham & Wang (2022). Development and validation of a prediction model for the treatment time of deformational head shapes using a cranial remolding orthosis. Children.

  • Han et al (2017). Relationship between starting age of cranial-remolding-orthosis therapy and effectiveness of treatment in children with deformational plagiocephaly.

  • Child’s Nervous System.Holowka et al (2017). Plagiocephaly severity scale to aid in clinical treatment recommendations. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.

  • Ifflaender et al (2013). Prevalence of head deformity in pre-term infants at term-equivalent age. Early Human Development.

  • Ifflaender et al (2013). Three-dimensional digital capture of head size in neonates: A method evaluation. PLOS ONE.

  • Ifflaender et al (2014). Individual course of cranial symmetry and proportion in preterm infants up to 6 months of corrected age. Early Human Development.

  • Iyer et al (2018). Optimal duration of postoperative helmet therapy following endoscopic strip craniectomy for sagittal craniosynostosis. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

  • Iyer et al (2017). Single incision endoscope-assisted surgery for sagittal craniosynostosis. Child’s Nervous System.

  • Jimenez & Barone (2013). Early treatment of coronal synostosis with endoscopy-assisted craniectomy and post-operative cranial orthosis therapy: 16-year experience. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

  • Jimenez et al (2018). Endoscopy-assisted early correction of single-suture metopic craniosynostosis: a 19-year experience. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

  • Katzel et al (2011). Treatment of plagiocephaly with helmet molding therapy: do actual results mimic perception? The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal.
  • Kaufmann et al. (2004). The circle of sagittal synostosis surgery. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology.

  • Kim et al (2013). Comparison of helmet therapy and counter positioning for deformational plagiocephaly. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.

  • Kim et al (2020). Delayed motor development and infant obesity as risk factors for severe deformational plagiocephaly: A matched case-control study. Frontiers in Pediatrics.

  • Lally et al (2024). Effectiveness of cranial remolding orthosis in treatment of nonsynostotic plagiocephaly. Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics.

  • Lam et al (2017). Factors influencing outcomes in the treatment of positional plagiocephaly in infants: A 7-year experience. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

  • Lam et al (2017). The health belief model and factors associated with adherence to treatment recommendations for positional plagiocephaly. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

  • Lee et al (2018). Parents’ perspectives and clinical effectiveness of cranial-molding orthoses in infants with plagiocephaly. Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.

  • Mackel et al (2017). The role of age and initial deformation on final cranial asymmetry in infants with plagiocephaly treated with helmet therapy. Pediatric Neurosurgery.

  • Matarazzo et al (2017). Orthotic treatment of positional brachycephaly associated with osteogenesis imperfecta. Prosthetics and Orthotics International.

  • Mendonca et al (2019). Endoscopic-assisted craniosynostosis surgery: First case series in India. Journal of Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial Anomalies.

  • Naidoo & Cheng (2014). Long-term satisfaction and parental decision making about treatment of deformational plagiocephaly. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.

  • Naidoo et al (2019). Head shape retention following helmet therapy for deformational plagiocephaly. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.

  • Naidoo et al (2015). Long-term outcomes in treatment of deformational plagiocephaly and brachycephaly using helmet therapy and repositioning: A longitudinal cohort study. Child’s Nervous System.

  • Pickersgill et al (2019). Regression of cephalic index following endoscopic repair of sagittal synostosis. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

  • Ozkilic et al (2020). The role of age on effectiveness of active repositioning therapy in positional skull deformities. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Services.

  • Plank et al (2006). Comparison of infant head shape changes in deformational plagiocephaly following treatment with a cranial remolding orthosis using a noninvasive laser shape digitizer. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.

  • Salehi et al (2016). Neosuture formation after endoscope-assisted craniosynostosis repair. Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics.

  • Schreen & Matarazzo (2013). Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly treatment with cranial orthosis: A case report. einstein (Sao Paulo).

  • Steinberg et al (2015). Effectiveness of conservative therapy and helmet therapy for positional cranial deformation. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

  • Stelnicki et al. (2009) Endoscopic release of unicoronal craniosynostosis. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.

  • Weathers et al (2014). A novel quantitative method for evaluating surgical outcomes in craniosynostosis: Pilot analysis for metopic synostosis. Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction.

  • Weersma et al (2020). The effect of age on the rate of correction in infants with head shape deformities treated with cranial remolding orthoses. Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics.

  • Weigand et al (2024). A retrospective evaluation of the effectiveness of cranial remolding orthoses for the treatment of deformational brachycephaly. Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics.

  • Wen et al (2019). Effect of helmet therapy in the treatment of positional head deformity. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health.

  • Williams et al (2019). Evaluation of endoscopic strip craniectomy and orthotic therapy for bilateral coronal craniosynostosis. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery.
  • “Starband” is used as a general term for any of the STAR Family of CRO designs.
  • Aihara Y, Komatsu K, et al. (2014). Cranial molding helmet therapy and establishment of practical criteria for management in Asian infant positional head deformity. Childs Nerv Syst, 30(9), 1499-1509.

  • Baird LC, Klimo P, et al. (2016). Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guideline for the management of patients with positional plagiocephaly: The role of physical therapy. Neurosurgery, 79(5), e630-e631.

  • Beuriat P-A, Szathmari a, et al. (2019). Deformational plagiocephaly: State of the art and review of the literature. Neurochirurgie, 65(5), 322-329.

  • Bonnar MF, Ventura M, Winans A & Scott AR (2013). Helmet modification for soft-band bone-anchored hearing aid use during cranial orthosis. Laryngoscope, 124(2), 558-560.

  • Braun TL & Hollier LH (2017). Review of 5 articles of “Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Patients with Positional Plagiocephaly” articles in Neurosurgery 79. J Craniofac Surg, 28(4), 1113.

  • Cevik S, Isik S & Ozkilic A (2020). The role of age on helmet therapy in deformational plagiocephaly and asymmetric brachycephaly. Childs Nerv Syst, 36(4), 803-810.

  • Chou P-Y, Hallac RR, et al. (2017). Three-dimensional changes in head shape after extended sagittal strip craniectomy with wedge ostectomies and helmet therapy. J Neurosurg Pediatr, 19, 684-689. Starscanner Starband Craniosynostosis

  • DeBock F, Braun V, et al. (2017). Deformational plagiocephaly in normal infants: A systematic review of causes and hypotheses. Arch Dis Child, 102(6), 535-542.

  • Eberle NA, Stelnicki EJ, et al. (2015). Efficacy of conservative and cranial orthotic therapy in over 4000 patients treated for positional plagiocephaly over a 5-year period. Plast Reconstruc Surg, 136(4S), 5-6.

  • Ellwood J, Draper-Rodi J, et al. (2020). The effectiveness and safety of conservative interventions for positional plagiocephaly and congenital muscular torticollis: A synthesis of systematic reviews and guidance. Chiropr Man Therap, 28(1), 31.

  • Faucett EA, Lam-Bellissimo S, Zawawi et al. (2018). Cranial orthosis after cochlear implantation in an infant: Helmet modifications. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 114, 101-105.

  • Flannery AM, Tamber MS, et al. (2016). Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines for the management of patients with positional plagiocephaly: Executive summary. Neurosurgery, 79(5), 623-624.

  • Geil MD & Smith A (2008). Accuracy and reliability of a system for the digital capture of infant head shapes in the treatment of cranial deformities. J Prosthet Orthot, 20(2), 35-38.

  • Gociman B, Marengo J, et al. (2012). Minimally invasive strip craniectomy for sagittal synostosis. J Craniofac Surg, 23, 825-828. Starscanner and Starband Craniosynostosis

  • Graham T, Adams-Huet B, et al. (2019). Effects of initial age and severity on cranial remolding orthotic treatment for infants with deformational plagiocephaly. J Clin Med, 8(8), 1097.

  • Graham T, Millay K, et al. (2020). Significant factors in cranial remolding orthotic treatment of asymmetrical brachycephaly. J Clin Med, 9(4), 1027.
    Graham T & Wang J (2022). Development and validation of a prediction model for the treatment time of deformational head shapes using a cranial remolding orthosis. Children, 9, 354.

  • Han M, Kang JY, et al. (2017). Relationship between starting age of cranial-remolding-orthosis therapy and effectiveness of treatment in children with deformational plagiocephaly. Childs Nerv Syst, 33(8), 1349-1356.

  • Holowka MA, Reisner A, Giavedoni B et al. (2017). Plagiocephaly severity scale to aid in clinical treatment recommendations. J Craniofac Surg, 3, 717-722.
    Ifflaender S, Rüdiger M, et al. (2013). Three-dimensional digital capture of head size in neonates: A method evaluation. PLOS One, 8(4), e61274.

  • Ifflaender S, Rüdiger M, et al. (2013). Prevalence of head deformity in pre-term infants at term-equivalent age. Early Hum Dev, 89(12), 1041-1047.

  • Ifflaender S, Rudiger M, Konstantelos D et al. (2014). Individual course of cranial symmetry and proportion in preterm infants up to 6 months of corrected age. Early Hum Dev, 90(9), 511-515.

  • Lyer RR, Ye X et al. (2018). Optimal duration of postoperative helmet therapy following endoscopic strip craniectomy for sagittal craniosynostosis.

  • J Neurosurg Pediatr, 22, 610-615. Starscanner and Starband Craniosynostosis

  • Jimenez DF & Barone CM (2013). Early treatment of coronal synostosis with endoscopy-assisted craniectomy and post-operative cranial orthosis therapy: 16-year experience. J Neurosurg Pediatr, 12, 207-219. Starscanner and Starband Craniosynostosis

  • Kaplan SL, Coulter C, et al. (2018). Physical therapy management of congenital muscular torticollis: A 2018 evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the APTA Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy. Pediatr Phys Ther, 30(4), 240-290.

  • Kim SY, Park M-S, et al. (2013). Comparison of helmet therapy and counter positioning for deformational plagiocephaly. Ann Rehabil Med, 37(6), 785-795.

  • Klimo P, Lingo PR, et al. (2016). Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines for the management of patients with positional plagiocephaly: The role of repositioning. Neurosurgery, 79(5), 627-629.

  • Lam S, Pan IW, et al. (2017). Factors influencing outcomes in the treatment of positional plagiocephaly in infants: A 7-year experience. J Neurosurg Pediatr, 19(3), 273-281.

  • Lam S, Luerssen TG, et al. (2017). The health belief model and factors associated with adherence to treatment recommendations for positional plagiocephaly. J Neurosurg Pediatr, 19(3), 282-288.

  • Lee HS, Kim SJ & Kwon J-Y (2018). Parents’ perspectives and clinical effectiveness of cranial-molding orthoses in infants with plagiocephaly. Ann Rehabil Med, 42(5), 737-747.

  • Mackel CE, Bonnar M, et al. (2017). The role of age and initial deformation on final cranial asymmetry in infants with plagiocephaly treated with helmet therapy. Pediatr Neurosurg, 52(5), 318-322.

  • Martiniuk Al, Vujovich-Dunn C, et al. (2017). Plagiocephaly and developmental delay: A systematic review. J Dev Behav Pediatr, 38(1), 67-78.

  • Matarazzo CG, Schreen G, et al. (2017). Orthotic treatment of positional brachycephaly associated with osteogenesis imperfecta. Prosthet Orthot Int, 41(6), 595-600.

  • Mazzola C, Baird LC, et al. (2016). Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guideline for the diagnosis of patients with positional plagiocephaly: The role of imaging. Neurosurg, 79(5), e625-626.

  • Naidoo SD & Cheng AL (2014). Long-term satisfaction and parental decision making about treatment of deformational plagiocephaly. J Craniofac Surg, 25(1), 160-165. Starscanner and Starband

  • Naidoo SD, Skolnick GB, et al. (2019). Head shape retention following helmet therapy for deformational plagiocephaly. J Craniofac Surg, 30(6), 1842-1844.

  • Naidoo SD, Skolnick GB, et al. (2015). Long-term outcomes in treatment of deformational plagiocephaly and brachycephaly using helmet therapy and repositioning: A longitudinal cohort study. Childs Nerv Syst, 31, 1547-1552.

  • Ozkilic A, Cevik S & Isik S (2020). The role of age on effectiveness of active repositioning therapy in positional skull deformities. J Basic Clin Health, 1, 33-37.

  • Plank LH, Giavedoni B, et al. (2006). Comparison of infant head shape changes in deformational plagiocephaly following treatment with a cranial remolding orthosis using a noninvasive laser shape digitizer. J Craniofac Surg, 17(6), 1084-91.

  • Schreen G & Matarazzo CG (2013). Plagiocephaly and brachycephaly treatment with cranial orthosis: A case report. Einstein (Sao Paulo), 11(1), 114-118.

  • Shweikeh F, Nuño M, et al. (2013). Positional plagiocephaly: An analysis of the literature on the effectiveness of current guidelines. Neurosurg Focus, 35(4), E1.

  • Siegenthaler MH (2015). Methods to diagnose, classify and monitor infantile deformational plagiocephaly and brachycephaly: A narrative review. J Chiropr Med, 14(3), 191–204.

  • Steinberg JR, Rawlani R, et al. (2015). Effectiveness of conservative therapy and helmet therapy for positional cranial deformation. Plast. Reconstr Surg, 135, 833-842.

  • Tamber MS, Nikas D, et al. (2016). Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guideline for the diagnosis of patients with positional plagiocephaly: The role of cranial molding orthosis (helmet) therapy. Neurosurgery, 79(5).

  • Weathers WM, Khechoyan D, et al. (2014). A novel quantitative method for evaluating surgical outcomes in craniosynostosis: Pilot analysis for metopic synostosis. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr, 7(1), 1-8. Starscanner

  • Weersma et al. (2020). The effect of age on the rate of correction in infants with head shape deformities treated with cranial remolding orthoses. JPO, 32(4), 286-294.

  • Weissler EH, Sherif RD, et al. (2016). An evidence-based approach to nonsynostotic plagiocephaly. Plast Reconstr Surg, 138, 682e.

  • Wen J, Qian J, Zhang L, et al. (2019). Effect of helmet therapy in the treatment of positional head deformity. J Paediatr Child Health, 56(5), 735-741.
  • “Starband” is used as a general term for any of the STAR Family of CRO designs.

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